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North Korean strategic narratives increasingly use the concept of multipolarity to promote Pyongyang’s aims.

In spite of early examples of successful defence cooperation in the 1990s, the Baltic states currently compete for Western support rather than pushing for greater defence integration.

Despite having a Western-orientated strategic culture, Georgia’s foreign policy behaviour is also being influenced by other geopolitical and cultural factors.

A historical analysis of the operational level of war during the 1967 War.

Several factors contributed to the intelligence failure suffered by Israel in the 7 October attacks.

Assessing success on the maritime front of the Russia–Ukraine war cannot be decoupled from each side’s overall war aims.

Using ‘meritocracy’ as a short-hand for a fair and merit-based system risks obscuring that it remains a important goal rather than the status quo.

Latvia is one of several European countries where debates on integrating women in the armed forces is an important dimension of contemporary approaches to conscription.

Militaries must prepare to work in a world affected by climate change to retain both battlefield advantage and moral legitimacy.

Lessons from counterterrorism can help to analyse and respond to climate security risks and threats.

Our assumptions about our own rationality and the adversary’s illogically affect our ability to conduct sound analysis and thus undermine effective policymaking.

Ongoing experience in the war in Ukraine provides NATO with useful examples of how resistance networks can contribute to defence strategy.

Assumptions about creating a ‘home away from home’ for those on overseas deployments can undermine operational efficiency and misrepresent the attitudes of those deployed.

Russia sees cyber security strategy as directly connected to concerns over territorial integrity and physical security.

The post-Cold War understanding of the war prerogative has strayed too far from the original nature and scope of war powers.